Chú thích Kars

  1. ↑ Tahir Sezen, Osmanlı Yer Adları (Alfabetik Sırayla), T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Yayın Nu 21, Ankara, p. 287.
  2. ↑ Arakelyan, Babken; Vardanyan, Vrezh; Khalpakhchyan, Hovhannes (1979). “Կարս [Kars]”. Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia Volume 5 (bằng tiếng Armenia). Yerevan: Armenian Encyclopedia. tr. 342–344. 
  3. ↑ Encyclopaedia of Islam. — E. J. BRILL, 1997. — Vol. IV. — P. 669—670.
  4. ↑ Bloom, Jonathan M.; Blair, Sheila biên tập (2009). The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture, Volume 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press. tr. 371. ISBN 978-0-19-530991-1. 
  5. ↑ The new encyclopædia Britannica. — 2002. — Vol. 6. — P. 751 "The seat of an independent Armenian principality during the 9th and 10th centuries, Kars was captured by the Seljuqs in the 11th century."